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Modern Physics

Bragg's Law

Condition for constructive interference in X-ray diffraction from crystal planes. Used to determine crystal structures and to create X-ray spectrometers.

Variables

d
Lattice spacing
m
\theta
Angle of incidence/reflection
°
n
Order of diffraction (1, 2, 3...)
unitless
\lambda
Wavelength
m

Derivation

Path difference between rays reflecting from adjacent planes must equal whole wavelengths.

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